Raventos J M, Kralemann H, Gray D B
Am J Ment Defic. 1982 Mar;86(5):439-44.
Feeding gastrostomy procedures were performed on 9 mentally ill and 30 mentally retarded, institutionalized patients. The postoperative mortality was 0 percent (0/9) for the mentally ill and 13 percent (4/30) for the mentally retarded patients. Mortality within 1 year after the operation was 11 percent (1/9) for the mentally ill and 33 percent (10/30) for the retarded patients. This study revealed three important factors that affect mortality risks: the identification and elimination of a gastroesophageal reflux before surgery, the monitoring and improvement of the nutritional status both before and after surgery, and the evaluation and treatment of respiratory problems both before and after surgery. If care in these areas is improved, then the mortality risks for retarded patients will decrease.
对9名患有精神疾病和30名患有智力障碍且被收容在机构中的患者实施了胃造口术喂养程序。精神疾病患者的术后死亡率为0%（0/9），智力障碍患者的术后死亡率为13%（4/30）。手术后1年内，精神疾病患者的死亡率为11%（1/9），智力障碍患者的死亡率为33%（10/30）。本研究揭示了影响死亡风险的三个重要因素：术前识别并消除胃食管反流、术前和术后监测并改善营养状况、术前和术后评估并治疗呼吸问题。如果这些方面的护理得到改善，那么智力障碍患者的死亡风险将会降低。
