Radioimmunoassay for psychotropic drugs I: synthesis and properties of haptens for chlorpromazine.

For the development of radioimmunoassay procedures for chlorpromazine and its active metabolites, three chlorpromazine haptens, 7-(or 8-)(3-carboxypropionyl)chlorpromazine, N-(3-carboxypropionyl)desmethylchlorpromazine, and N-(2-carboxyethyl)desmethylchlorpromazine, were synthesized and characterized by GLC--mass spectrometry, PMR spectrometry, and IR spectrophotometry. Each hapten was coupled to bovine serum albumin, and the number of hapten residues per mole of bovine serum albumin was calculated by UV spectrophotometric methods. Antibodies to each hapten--protein conjugate were obtained in rabbits, and titers of the antiserums were checked by evaluating their binding characteristics to tritiated chlorpromazine.