Soames R W, Atha J
Clin Phys Physiol Meas. 1982 Aug;3(3):169-77. doi: 10.1088/0143-0815/3/3/001.
In an assessment of cardiovascular performance in eighteen young healthy adults, ballistocardiograms were recorded in three mutually perpendicular directions in both the supine and the seated postures, and in the head-foot direction when standing. From these recordings three-dimensional vector ballistocardiograms were obtained which were found to be consistent over repeated measurements (r = 0.81 to 0.88 for the three components when supine) and sensitive to the functional changes imposed by changes of posture. It was observed that in the antero-posterior ballistocardiogram recorded in the supine position there was, in the IJK complex, an additional peak and trough that was not present in any other directional, or postural, ballistocardiogram. This extra wave is held to reflect the directional change of blood flow in the arch of the aorta due to its sagittal curvature around the trachea and vertebral column. From these three-dimensional recordings the functional mechanical axis of the heart was determined for both the supine and seated positions. although similar these axes were not collinear, there being an 8 degrees greater tilt in both the rightward (29 degrees: 21 degrees) and the posterior (28 degrees: 20 degrees) direction in the seated position.
在一项针对18名年轻健康成年人的心血管功能评估中，在仰卧位和坐位时，沿三个相互垂直的方向记录了心冲击图，站立时则沿头脚方向记录。从这些记录中获得了三维向量心冲击图，发现其在重复测量中是一致的（仰卧位时三个分量的r值为0.81至0.88），并且对姿势变化引起的功能变化敏感。观察到，在仰卧位记录的前后心冲击图中，IJK复合波中有一个额外的峰和谷，这在任何其他方向或姿势的心冲击图中都不存在。这种额外的波被认为反映了主动脉弓中血流的方向变化，这是由于其围绕气管和脊柱的矢状弯曲。从这些三维记录中确定了仰卧位和坐位时心脏的功能机械轴。虽然这些轴相似，但并不共线，坐位时在向右（29度：21度）和向后（28度：20度）方向上都有8度更大的倾斜。
