Laitinen L A, Empey D W, Bye C, Britton M G, McDonnell K, Hughes D T
Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1982;23(2):107-9. doi: 10.1007/BF00545963.
A double-blind randomised cross-over study was performed on 12 subjects suffering from reversible airway obstruction (asthma) to determine the relative bronchodilator effects of oral pseudoephedrine 60 mg, pseudoephedrine 180 mg, ephedrine 25 mg and matched placebo. Spirometry was used to measure vital capacity and forced expired volume in 1 s, and whole body plethysmography was used to measure specific airway conductance. Measurements were recorded before each drug was given, and 1 h and 2 h after each drug. Reversibility of the airway obstruction on each day of the study was demonstrated by significant improvements in all parameters of lung function in response to 400 micrograms of isoprenaline inhaled after the 2-h measurement. No significant bronchodilator effect could be shown following the ingestion of pseudoephedrine 60 mg or 180 mg. Only a week bronchodilator effect was demonstrated after ephedrine 25 mg in that the percentage change in vital capacity at 2 h after ephedrine was greater than that following either dose of pseudoephedrine or the placebo. It is concluded that oral pseudoephedrine in single doses of 60 mg or 180 mg has no significant bronchodilator action in man, and that a single dose of up to 180 mg pseudoephedrine does not cause tachycardia or hypertension.
对12名患有可逆性气道阻塞（哮喘）的受试者进行了一项双盲随机交叉研究，以确定口服60毫克伪麻黄碱、180毫克伪麻黄碱、25毫克麻黄碱及匹配安慰剂的相对支气管扩张作用。采用肺活量测定法测量肺活量和1秒用力呼气量，采用全身体积描记法测量比气道传导率。在给予每种药物前、给药后1小时和2小时记录测量结果。在2小时测量后吸入400微克异丙肾上腺素，所有肺功能参数均有显著改善，证明了研究中每一天气道阻塞的可逆性。服用60毫克或180毫克伪麻黄碱后未显示出显著的支气管扩张作用。25毫克麻黄碱后仅显示出微弱的支气管扩张作用，因为麻黄碱给药后2小时肺活量的百分比变化大于任何一种剂量的伪麻黄碱或安慰剂给药后的变化。得出的结论是，单次口服60毫克或180毫克伪麻黄碱对人体没有显著的支气管扩张作用，单次服用高达180毫克伪麻黄碱不会引起心动过速或高血压。
