Williams A R, Weiss N S, Ure C L, Ballard J, Daling J R
Obstet Gynecol. 1982 Dec;60(6):695-9.
From the practices of approximately two thirds of the orthopedic surgeons in King County, Washington, the authors identified white women ages 50 to 74 who had sustained a fracture of the hip or forearm between 1976 and 1979. The women were interviewed concerning factors associated with levels of endogenous estrogens. Their responses were compared to those of a random sample of white female residents of King County in the same age range. The risk of hip fracture was elevated in thin women and in those who smoked cigarettes, particularly among nonusers of estrogen. Neither weight nor smoking affected the risk of forearm fracture in estrogen users, although among nonusers smoking increased the risk, particularly among those who were thin. The beneficial effect of estrogen use in preventing both types of fracture varied considerably according to the woman's weight and smoking status, being greatest in thin women who smoked cigarettes and near zero in heavy nonsmokers. Body weight and cigarette smoking history offer important information concerning the probable degree of protection against fracture afforded by estrogen use.
作者从华盛顿州金县约三分之二的骨科医生的诊疗记录中，识别出了1976年至1979年间髋部或前臂发生骨折的50至74岁白人女性。就与内源性雌激素水平相关的因素对这些女性进行了访谈。她们的回答与同年龄范围内金县白人女性居民的随机样本的回答进行了比较。瘦女性以及吸烟女性髋部骨折风险升高，尤其是在未使用雌激素的女性中。体重和吸烟对使用雌激素的女性前臂骨折风险没有影响，不过在未使用雌激素的女性中，吸烟会增加风险，尤其是瘦女性。使用雌激素预防这两种骨折的有益效果因女性的体重和吸烟状况而有很大差异，在吸烟的瘦女性中效果最大，在重度非吸烟者中几乎为零。体重和吸烟史提供了有关使用雌激素预防骨折可能的保护程度的重要信息。
