Merran S, Cariou G, Plainfossé M C
Nouv Presse Med. 1982 Oct 16;11(41):3057-9.
Real-time ultrasonography was used intra-operatively in 12 cases of renal lithiasis, in association with radiography. The 10 MHz instrument with sectorial probe is small and easy to sterilise. Calculi larger than 2 mm (including radiotransparent ones) were detected by this method in 10 patients. One of the two failures was due to the surgical incision hindering the positioning of the probe, and the other to the presence of air after pyelotomy of a dilated renal pelvis in front of a horseshoe kidney. Ultrasonography appears to be a sensitive method allowing tridimensional location of small calculi, even when they are transparent to X-rays. The site and size of nephrolithotomy can be selected according to the thickness of renal tissue and to the presence of arteries, also visible on ultrasounds. The operating time is shortened and the risk of residual lithiasis is reduced. Owing to the possibility of artefacts, such as air bubbles, suture material and clots, contact radiography should be combined with ultrasonography, at least for roughly locating the stones.
12例肾结石患者在手术中使用实时超声检查，并结合X线摄影。配备扇形探头的10兆赫仪器体积小，易于消毒。通过这种方法在10例患者中检测到直径大于2毫米的结石（包括透X线结石）。两次失败中有一次是由于手术切口妨碍了探头的定位，另一次是由于马蹄肾前方扩张肾盂肾盂切开术后存在空气。超声检查似乎是一种敏感的方法，即使小结石对X线透明，也能对其进行三维定位。可根据肾组织厚度和超声上也可见的动脉情况选择肾切开取石术的部位和大小。手术时间缩短，残留结石风险降低。由于存在诸如气泡、缝合材料和血凝块等伪像的可能性，至少为大致定位结石，应将接触式X线摄影与超声检查相结合。
