Meema S, Meema H E
Skeletal Radiol. 1982;8(4):259-68. doi: 10.1007/BF02219620.
Z-scores express differences from normals in standard deviation units, and are particularly useful for comparison of changes where normal values are age- and sex-dependent. We determined z-scores for bone mineral mass, cortical thickness, and bone mineral density in the radius in various conditions and diseases in both sexes. In the males, z-scores were calculated for age, but in the females z-scores for menopausal status (years postmenopausal exclusive of years on estrogen treatment) were found to be more appropriate. With few exceptions, changes in a disease were of a similar order in both sexes. For bone mineral mass few mean z-scores were significantly increased, but diseases with significantly decreased mean z-scores were numerous. The usefulness of z-scores in diagnosis and study of metabolic bone disease is discussed.
Z值以标准差单位表示与正常情况的差异，对于比较正常数值因年龄和性别而异的变化尤为有用。我们测定了不同条件和疾病下两性桡骨的骨矿物质质量、皮质厚度和骨密度的Z值。在男性中，根据年龄计算Z值，但在女性中，发现绝经状态（绝经后年限，不包括雌激素治疗年限）的Z值更为合适。除少数例外情况外，两性疾病的变化顺序相似。对于骨矿物质质量，很少有平均Z值显著升高，但平均Z值显著降低的疾病却很多。本文讨论了Z值在代谢性骨病诊断和研究中的实用性。
