Locke D, Bush M, Carpenter J W
Am J Vet Res. 1982 Oct;43(10):1807-10.
Tissue and plasma concentrations and the biological half-life of tylosin in avian species of a variety of body sizes and metabolic rates were studied. The species chosen were eastern bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus virginianus), pigeons (Columba livia), greater sandhill cranes (Grus canadensis tabida), and emus (Dromaius novaehollandiae). In the 1st phase of this study, tylosin was administered IM to quail, pigeons, and emus at a dosage rate of 25 mg/kg of body weight and to cranes at a dosage rate of 15 mg/kg. The average peak plasma concentrations of tylosin in quail, pigeons, cranes, and emus were 4.31, 5.63, 3.62, and 3.26 microgram/ml, respectively. These peak concentrations occurred at 0.5 to 1.5 hours after administration. The biological half-life of tylosin averaged 1.2 hours in quail, pigeons, and cranes, and was 4.7 hours in emus. In the 2nd phase of this study, tylosin concentrations in the tissues of quail, pigeons, and cranes were markedly higher than were plasma concentrations at corresponding sampling times. Six hours after antibiotic administration, tissue concentrations of tylosin in all species remained within the minimum inhibitory concentration for most pathogenic organisms. Dosage regimens of 25 mg of tylosin/kg 4 times daily for quail and pigeons, 15 mg/kg 3 times daily for cranes, and 25 mg/kg 3 times daily for emus would be needed to establish and maintain therapeutic tissue concentrations.
研究了泰乐菌素在各种体型和代谢率的鸟类物种中的组织和血浆浓度以及生物半衰期。所选择的物种为东部灌丛鹌鹑（Colinus virginianus virginianus）、鸽子（Columba livia）、大沙丘鹤（Grus canadensis tabida）和鸸鹋（Dromaius novaehollandiae）。在本研究的第一阶段，以25mg/kg体重的剂量率给鹌鹑、鸽子和鸸鹋肌内注射泰乐菌素，以15mg/kg的剂量率给鹤注射。鹌鹑、鸽子、鹤和鸸鹋中泰乐菌素的平均血浆峰值浓度分别为4.31、5.63、3.62和3.26微克/毫升。这些峰值浓度在给药后0.5至1.5小时出现。泰乐菌素的生物半衰期在鹌鹑、鸽子和鹤中平均为1.2小时，在鸸鹋中为4.7小时。在本研究的第二阶段，鹌鹑、鸽子和鹤组织中的泰乐菌素浓度在相应采样时间明显高于血浆浓度。抗生素给药6小时后，所有物种组织中的泰乐菌素浓度对大多数致病生物仍保持在最低抑菌浓度范围内。对于鹌鹑和鸽子，需要每日4次、每次25mg泰乐菌素/kg的给药方案；对于鹤，每日3次、每次15mg/kg；对于鸸鹋，每日3次、每次25mg/kg，以建立和维持治疗性组织浓度。
