Inouye M, Murakami U
Teratology. 1978 Oct;18(2):263-7. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420180213.
The teratogenic effect on the mouse fetus of a potently mutagenic and carcinogenic agent, N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), was studied. Pregnant mice were injected on one of gestation days 7-12 with an intraperitoneal dose of 40, 60 or 80 mg/kg of MNNG, and fetuses were examined on day 18 of gestation. Various malformations affecting the brain, face, vertebra, rib and limb appeared in high frequency. Brain malformations were the most predominant; hydrocephalus, hydromicrocephaly and microcephaly appeared in sequence with developmental stages of treatment, although exencephaly occurred infrequently. Cleft palate, sometimes associated with microglossia and micrognathia, and vertebral anomalies including tail defect were observed following almost every gestation-day treatment. Long-bone defects of fore- and hindlimbs were also predominant. Polydactyly, ectrodactyly and microdactyly frequently occurred together in the fore- or hindlimbs or both in sequence with treatment stages. Ectrodactyly and microdactyly appeared with greater frequency on the left than on the right in both fore- and hindlimbs, but polydactyly and long-bone defects appeared bilaterally.
研究了一种具有强致突变性和致癌性的试剂N-甲基-N'-硝基-N-亚硝基胍（MNNG）对小鼠胎儿的致畸作用。在妊娠第7至12天的某一天，给怀孕小鼠腹腔注射剂量为40、60或80mg/kg的MNNG，并在妊娠第18天检查胎儿。各种影响大脑、面部、脊椎、肋骨和四肢的畸形高频出现。大脑畸形最为突出；脑积水、脑发育不全性小头畸形和小头畸形随着治疗的发育阶段依次出现，尽管无脑畸形很少发生。几乎在每个妊娠日治疗后都观察到腭裂，有时伴有小舌和小颌，以及包括尾部缺陷在内的脊椎异常。前肢和后肢的长骨缺陷也很突出。多指、缺指和小指畸形在前肢或后肢或两者中经常随着治疗阶段依次同时出现。缺指和小指畸形在前肢和后肢中左侧出现的频率均高于右侧，但多指和长骨缺陷双侧出现。
