Konings A W, Smit Sibinga C T, Aarnoudse M W, de Wit S S, Lamberts H B
Strahlentherapie. 1978 Nov;154(11):795-800.
The carotid artery of the rabbit is a suitable blood vessel to study radiation induced atheromatosis in hypercholesteremic animals, because no plaque formation occurs within two months after the start of a 0.5% cholesterol diet. Cholesterol contents as high as 2% however, do give atheromatous plaques in the carotid artery without prior irradiation. As early as five hours after local irradiation of the carotid artery activation of the plasma membrane-bound enzyme alkaline phosphatase could be observed in some intimal cells. Two to three days after irradiation the activity disappeared. This phenomenon was observed in normo-and hypercholesteremic irradiated arteries. Depending on the lipid content of the blood, infiltration of lipids was observed at one day after the irradiation or later, accompanied by activation of beta-glucuronidase in the innermost layer of medial cells. Hereafter plaque formation started and cell proliferation could be found in the subendothelial space. It is assumed that because of the irradiation, the endothelial cells of the carotid artery are damaged in such a way that they do not function properly as a barrier against lipoprotein entrance from the blood into the arterial wall. The lipid infiltration caused lysosomal activation and probably cellular proliferation.
兔的颈动脉是研究高胆固醇血症动物辐射诱导动脉粥样硬化的合适血管，因为在开始0.5%胆固醇饮食后的两个月内不会形成斑块。然而，高达2%的胆固醇含量确实会在未经预先照射的情况下使颈动脉出现动脉粥样斑块。早在颈动脉局部照射后五小时，就可以在一些内膜细胞中观察到质膜结合酶碱性磷酸酶的激活。照射后两到三天，这种活性消失。在正常和高胆固醇血症的照射动脉中都观察到了这种现象。根据血液中的脂质含量，在照射后一天或更晚观察到脂质浸润，同时在内膜细胞最内层伴有β-葡萄糖醛酸酶的激活。此后开始形成斑块，并可在内皮下间隙发现细胞增殖。据推测，由于照射，颈动脉的内皮细胞受到损伤，以至于它们不能正常发挥作为防止脂蛋白从血液进入动脉壁的屏障的功能。脂质浸润导致溶酶体激活并可能导致细胞增殖。
