Ketterer M W
Biol Psychol. 1982 Nov-Dec;15(3-4):171-89. doi: 10.1016/0301-0511(82)90040-0.
Forty-eight right-handed subjects equally divided among four cells defined by sex (male versus female) and familial handedness (at least one member of the immediate family who is left-handed or ambidextrous versus none) were asked to recall times they were angry, anxious and content while tonic SC and bilateral parietal alpha-band EEG power was recorded. Subjects also completed the Jenkins Activity Survey (JAS) and scales assessing their subjective success (SS) at achieving each affective state and the cognitive mode (verbal/visuospatial) they used to do so. Contrary to previous research, greater left parietal activity occurred during affective arousal. Subjects reporting no experienced arousal during the anger and anxious conditions were higher on the overall type A and speed and impatience scales of the JAS. 'Repression,' in the sense of greater autonomic arousal (as measured by increases in tonic SC above baseline) despite no distinction in SS, was observed in type A relative to non-type A subjects. For males this effect was most pronounced during self-stimulation of anxiety. For females, the contentment condition produced the effect. Type A subjects tended to produce greater relative left parietal activity than non-type A subjects. Results are discussed in terms of automatistic nonawareness of affective arousal as an overlearned, achievement-facilitating coping mechanism in type As.
48名右利手受试者被平均分为四组，这四组由性别（男性与女性）和家族用手习惯（直系亲属中至少有一名左利手或双手并用者与无此情况）来界定。要求他们回忆自己生气、焦虑和满足时的情景，同时记录其静息皮肤电反应（tonic SC）和双侧顶叶α波段脑电图功率。受试者还完成了詹金斯活动调查（JAS）以及评估他们在达到每种情感状态时的主观成功感（SS）和所采用认知模式（言语/视觉空间）的量表。与先前研究相反，在情感唤起期间左侧顶叶活动增强。在愤怒和焦虑状态下报告无情感唤起体验的受试者在JAS的总体A型、速度和不耐烦量表上得分更高。相对于非A型受试者，在A型受试者中观察到了“压抑”现象，即尽管主观成功感无差异，但自主神经唤起增强（以静息皮肤电反应高于基线水平来衡量）。对于男性，这种效应在自我诱发焦虑期间最为明显。对于女性，满足状态产生了这种效应。A型受试者往往比非A型受试者产生更强的左侧顶叶相对活动。本文从情感唤起的自动无意识角度对研究结果进行了讨论，认为这是A型个体一种过度学习的、有助于成就达成的应对机制。
