Davidson R J, Schwartz G E, Pugash E, Bromfield E
Biol Psychol. 1976 Jun;4(2):119-38. doi: 10.1016/0301-0511(76)90012-0.
This paper reports three studies showing sex differences in EEG asymmetry during self-generated cognitive and affective tasks. In the first experiment, bilateral EEG, quantified for alpha on-line, was recorded from right-handed subjects while they either whistled, sang or recited lyrics of familiar songs. The results revealed significant asymmetry between the whistle and talk conditions only for subjects with no familial left-handedness and, within this group, only for females and not for males. In the second experiment, bilateral EEG was recorded while right-handed subjects (with no familial left-handedness) self-induced covert affective and non-affective states. Results revealed significantly greater relative right-hemisphere activation during emotion versus non-emotion trials only in females; males showed no significant task-dependent shifts in asymmetry between conditions. The third experiment was designed to test the hypothesis that females show greater percent time asymmetry than males during biofeedback training for symmetrical and asymmetrical EEG patterns. Results confirmed this prediction as well as indicating that females show better control of such asymmetrical cortical patterning. These findings provide new neuropsychological support for the hypothesis of greater bilateral flexibility in females during self-generation tasks.
本文报告了三项研究，这些研究表明在自我产生的认知和情感任务期间脑电图（EEG）不对称存在性别差异。在第一个实验中，对右利手受试者在吹口哨、唱歌或背诵熟悉歌曲的歌词时进行双侧脑电图记录，并对在线阿尔法波进行量化。结果显示，只有对于没有家族性左利手的受试者，在吹口哨和说话条件之间存在显著的不对称，并且在该组中，仅女性存在这种情况，男性则没有。在第二个实验中，对右利手（没有家族性左利手）的受试者在自我诱发隐蔽情感和非情感状态时进行双侧脑电图记录。结果显示，仅在女性中，与非情感试验相比，情感试验期间相对右半球激活显著更大；男性在不同条件之间没有显示出显著的与任务相关的不对称变化。第三个实验旨在检验这样一个假设，即在对称和不对称脑电图模式的生物反馈训练期间，女性比男性表现出更大比例的时间不对称。结果证实了这一预测，同时还表明女性对这种不对称皮质模式有更好的控制。这些发现为女性在自我产生任务期间具有更大双侧灵活性的假设提供了新的神经心理学支持。
