Skeen L C, Masterton R B
Brain Behav Evol. 1982;21(4):185-98. doi: 10.1159/000121626.
A conservative eutherian mammal (the hedgehog, Paraechinus hypomelas) was tested on delayed alternation performance and spatial reversal learning before and after ablations of the prefrontal cortex. The anatomical results show that the cortical focus of the projections of the medial dorsal nucleus, the prefrontal cortex, does not include the neocortex on the dorsal convexity of the hedgehog's frontal lobe but, instead, the perirhinal and pregenual neocortex immediately surrounding the frontal convexity. The behavioral results show that normal performance of hedgehogs on these two behavioral tests depends upon the integrity of their prefrontal cortex, but not on the integrity of their frontal convexity or olfactory bulbs. The similarity in the results obtained from prefrontal hedgehogs and a divergent variety of other species with prefrontal ablations indicates that the role of the prefrontal system in the abilities measured by these two tests is at least as old as Eutheria and, thus, probably imposed persistent constraints on subsequent evolutionary modifications of the prefrontal system.
对一种保守的真兽类哺乳动物（刺猬，Paraechinus hypomelas）在切除前额叶皮质前后进行延迟交替行为表现和空间反转学习测试。解剖学结果表明，内侧背核投射的皮质焦点，即前额叶皮质，并不包括刺猬额叶背侧凸面上的新皮质，而是紧邻额叶凸面的嗅周和膝前新皮质。行为学结果表明，刺猬在这两项行为测试中的正常表现取决于其前额叶皮质的完整性，而非额叶凸面或嗅球的完整性。从切除前额叶的刺猬以及其他多种进行过前额叶切除的不同物种所获得的结果相似，这表明前额叶系统在这两项测试所测量能力中的作用至少与真兽类一样古老，因此，可能对前额叶系统随后的进化改变施加了持续的限制。
