Chobanian A V, Arquilla E R, Clarkson T B, Eder H A, Howard C F, Regan T J, Williamson J R
Diabetes. 1982;31(Suppl 1 Pt 2):54-64. doi: 10.2337/diab.31.1.s54.
This report summarizes the current state of knowledge concerning the cardiovascular system in various animal models of diabetes and presents their major strengths and weaknesses for studying the important research questions in the field. Nonhuman primates have many desirable features for studies on the macrovascular and cardiac complications of the disease as well as risk factor alterations, but their availability, cost, and maintenance present practical disadvantages. The spontaneous rodent models of diabetes currently are not considered very useful for cardiovascular research, but they have not been well characterized with respect to most aspects of their cardiovascular system. Alloxan-diabetic rabbits offer some promise for examining the effects of diabetes on atherogenesis, lipoprotein metabolism, and cardiomyopathy, but additional research is required to validate their usefulness. Insufficient data are available on canine and swine models of diabetes to judge their merits for cardiovascular research. The Task Force recommends: (1) additional longterm investigations to determine the extent and severity of cardiovascular complications in the well-characterized rodent models and in diabetic rodents with multiple risk factor abnormalities; (2) further studies on the macrovascular disease and lipoprotein abnormalities of the alloxan-diabetic rabbit and the development of rabbit colonies with spontaneous diabetes; (3) increased emphasis on such potentially important but neglected areas of research in diabetic animals as the intramyocardial circulation, adventitial blood vessels, blood pressure, platelet function, blood coagulation, blood rheology, and autonomic nervous function; (4) long-term studies on the influence of control of hyperglycemia and of insulin therapy on cardiovascular complications in diabetic animals; and (5) encouragement of use of diabetic nonhuman primates for cardiovascular research and institution of measures to increase their supply and availability by expanding current colonies, screening newly imported animals for diabetes, and establishing a visiting scientist's program allowing investigators to study diabetic primates at resource centers.
本报告总结了在各种糖尿病动物模型中有关心血管系统的当前知识状态，并阐述了它们在研究该领域重要研究问题方面的主要优点和缺点。非人灵长类动物在研究该疾病的大血管和心脏并发症以及危险因素改变方面具有许多理想的特征，但它们的可获得性、成本和饲养存在实际缺点。目前，糖尿病的自发性啮齿动物模型在心血管研究中被认为不太有用，但就其心血管系统的大多数方面而言，它们尚未得到充分表征。四氧嘧啶糖尿病兔在研究糖尿病对动脉粥样硬化、脂蛋白代谢和心肌病的影响方面有一定前景，但需要更多研究来验证其有用性。关于糖尿病犬和猪模型的数据不足，无法判断它们在心血管研究中的价值。特别工作组建议：(1) 进行更多长期研究，以确定特征明确的啮齿动物模型和具有多种危险因素异常的糖尿病啮齿动物中心血管并发症的程度和严重性；(2) 进一步研究四氧嘧啶糖尿病兔的大血管疾病和脂蛋白异常，并培育自发性糖尿病兔群体；(3) 更加重视糖尿病动物研究中一些潜在重要但被忽视的领域，如心肌内循环、外膜血管、血压、血小板功能、血液凝固、血液流变学和自主神经功能；(4) 对高血糖控制和胰岛素治疗对糖尿病动物心血管并发症的影响进行长期研究；(5) 鼓励在心血管研究中使用糖尿病非人灵长类动物，并采取措施增加其供应和可获得性，方法包括扩大现有群体、对新进口动物进行糖尿病筛查以及设立访问科学家计划，使研究人员能够在资源中心研究糖尿病灵长类动物。
