Caldwell R A, Bloom B L
Am J Community Psychol. 1982 Dec;10(6):647-67.
Availability of social support has been hypothesized to play a role in influencing adjustment to marital disruption either directly or by moderating the debilitating effects of stress. Yet previous research has not adequately conceptualized or measured the nature and availability of social support. In an effort to learn more about the structure and impact of social support as it relates to marital disruption, 50 newly separated men and women were interviewed at 2 months and again at 8 months after their separations. The structure of social support was found to include (a) several important sources of support, including family, friends, and the larger community; (b) an index of social activity; and (c) a sense of satisfaction with present marital status. Although the stress associated with separation was positively related to poorer adjustment, certain aspects of social support were found to moderate this relationship.
社会支持的可获得性被假设为在影响对婚姻破裂的调适方面发挥作用，其作用方式要么是直接的，要么是通过缓和压力的削弱作用来实现。然而，先前的研究尚未充分概念化或衡量社会支持的性质和可获得性。为了更多地了解与婚姻破裂相关的社会支持的结构和影响，50名刚分居的男性和女性在分居2个月后接受了访谈，并在8个月后再次接受访谈。研究发现，社会支持的结构包括：(a) 几个重要的支持来源，包括家庭、朋友和更大的社区；(b) 社会活动指数；以及(c) 对当前婚姻状况的满意度。尽管与分居相关的压力与较差的调适呈正相关，但研究发现社会支持的某些方面缓和了这种关系。
