Bogin B, MacVean R B
Am J Phys Anthropol. 1982 Dec;59(4):393-8. doi: 10.1002/ajpa.1330590409.
Three groups of children, those of European parentage, those of Guatemalan parentage, and those of mixed European-Guatemalan parentage were measured for height, weight, and skeletal maturity. The children were born between 1945 and 1965, they were all of high socioeconomic status, and they all attended the same private school in Guatemala City. At 7 years, the boys of the European group were significantly taller than boys of the Guatemalan group. European and mixed European-Guatemalan girls were significantly taller than Guatemalan girls. These results are maturity independent. The influence of skeletal age was removed statistically by analysis of covariance. Girls of the mixed group were significantly heavier than girls of European and Guatemalan groups. Mixed group girls also had more significantly advanced skeletal ages than European girls. When the patterns of size and maturity status are analyzed by sex, there is evidence for a relatively greater environmental influence on the boys and a relatively greater genetic influence on the girls. Dividing the data into two birth year cohorts, 1945 to 1955, and 1956 to 1965, does not provide evidence for secular trends in growth or maturation. These results are similar to those from studies in developed nations that report an end to the secular trend for the "well off" population of those countries.
对三组儿童进行了身高、体重和骨骼成熟度测量，这三组儿童分别是欧洲血统、危地马拉血统以及欧洲 - 危地马拉混血血统。这些儿童出生于1945年至1965年之间，他们都具有较高的社会经济地位，且都就读于危地马拉城的同一所私立学校。7岁时，欧洲组的男孩明显高于危地马拉组的男孩。欧洲和欧洲 - 危地马拉混血女孩明显高于危地马拉女孩。这些结果与骨骼成熟度无关。通过协方差分析在统计学上消除了骨骼年龄的影响。混血组女孩比欧洲和危地马拉组女孩体重更重。混血组女孩的骨骼年龄也比欧洲女孩明显更超前。当按性别分析身高和成熟状态模式时，有证据表明环境对男孩的影响相对更大，而基因对女孩的影响相对更大。将数据分为两个出生年份队列，即1945年至1955年和1956年至1965年，未发现生长或成熟存在长期趋势的证据。这些结果与发达国家的研究结果相似，那些研究报告称这些国家“富裕”人群的长期趋势已结束。
