Wenderlein J M
Zentralbl Gynakol. 1978;100(17):1134-41.
A psychometric study conducted among 533 women tested for statistical significance of personality traits (FPI) between selfexaminations of the breast and the attitude to examinations performed by physicians. --I. Introverts (FPI-E) performed selfexaminations with only half the frequency of extroverts (p less than 0,01). One fifth of the women with personality traits of introversion believed that screening examinations for detection of breast cancer performed by physicians are of lesser importance as did women with personality traits of extroversion (p less than 0,01). The later group believed that breast has significance in cosmetic appearance (p less than 0,05) and sexual value (p less than 0,05). Introverts are mostly of lower education (p less than 0,05) and their intelligence quotient is usually below 100 (p less than 0,1) when compared with that of extroverts. For selfexaminations of the breast this finding is of special importance to preventive medicine to provide effective instructions and guidance. --II. Emotional labile women (FPI-N) produce expected results of being especially fearsome (p less than 0,01) regarding breast change appearance produced by an conscious fear of cancer (p less than 0,05). Upon discovery of a painful lump in the breast labile women delay the visit to the physician longer as emotional stable women (p less than 0,05). Labile women stay single twice as often as emotional stable women (p less than 0,01). This produces a lower possibility to be activated by ones spouse to seek the aid of a physician for treatment of the breast. --III. In women with personality traits of depression or low selfesteem is a longer delay period apparant as in women with high selfesteem. Upon noticing a lump in the breast--if painful or not--women with high selfesteem immediately pay a visit to their physician (p less than 0,05) but the others delay. Here should be mentioned that depressed women deviate from the lot in regard to family status (p less than 0,05) and obtained education/intelligence niveau (p less than 0,01). These results are debated viewing preventive-medical and psychosocial aspects.
一项针对533名女性进行的心理测量研究，测试了乳房自我检查与对医生进行检查的态度之间人格特质（FPI）的统计学显著性。——I. 内向型（FPI-E）进行自我检查的频率仅为外向型的一半（p<0.01）。五分之一具有内向型人格特质的女性认为医生进行的乳腺癌筛查检查不如具有外向型人格特质的女性重要（p<0.01）。后一组认为乳房在外观（p<0.05）和性价值（p<0.05）方面具有重要意义。与外向型相比，内向型大多受教育程度较低（p<0.05），其智商通常低于100（p<0.1）。对于乳房自我检查，这一发现对预防医学提供有效的指导具有特别重要的意义。——II. 情绪不稳定的女性（FPI-N）因对癌症的有意识恐惧而对乳房外观变化表现出特别恐惧的预期结果（p<0.01）（p<0.05）。发现乳房有疼痛肿块时，情绪不稳定的女性比情绪稳定的女性延迟就医的时间更长（p<0.05）。情绪不稳定的女性单身的几率是情绪稳定女性的两倍（p<0.01）。这使得她们被配偶催促寻求医生治疗乳房疾病的可能性降低。——III. 具有抑郁或低自尊人格特质的女性比高自尊女性明显延迟就医的时间更长。发现乳房有肿块时——无论是否疼痛——高自尊女性会立即去看医生（p<0.05），而其他女性则会延迟。这里应该提到，抑郁女性在家庭状况（p<0.05）和所受教育/智力水平方面与其他人不同（p<0.01）。从预防医学和心理社会方面对这些结果进行了讨论。
