Atkinson L, Purohit R, Reay-Young P, Scott G C
Natl Cancer Inst Monogr. 1982;62:65-71.
In 1958, a cancer registry was established in Papua New Guinea for a population of 2 million who had remained in near isolation for millenia until recently. This report includes cancer data for 1970 through 1978. During those years, the registrations increased from 200 to 600. The reasons for this increase and the patterns of reporting over the entire 21-year period are examined. The data offered us opportunities to examine changes in case findings according to geography, time, and sex. Genuine differences in cancer incidence and pattern within this diverse country, mainly between the highland and lowland regions, were studied, particularly concerning oral, skin, liver, and penile cancers, and Burkitt's lymphoma. The controversy remains over the relationship of oral cancer and chewing of substances other than tobacco; but in this country, at least, a chew consisting only of areca nut mixed with lime must be held suspect. With the emergence from isolation, profound socioeconomic changes are occurring in this country; the patterns of cancer must change also, and we may be seeing the beginning of this already. Possible fruitful areas for further detailed studies are indicated.
1958年，巴布亚新几内亚为一个近两千年来一直处于近乎与世隔绝状态的200万人口建立了癌症登记处。本报告涵盖了1970年至1978年的癌症数据。在那些年里，登记病例从200例增加到了600例。本文研究了这一增长的原因以及整个21年期间的报告模式。这些数据为我们提供了机会，来研究病例发现情况在地理、时间和性别方面的变化。对这个多样化国家内，主要是高地和低地地区之间，癌症发病率和模式的真正差异进行了研究，特别是关于口腔癌、皮肤癌、肝癌、阴茎癌以及伯基特淋巴瘤。关于口腔癌与除烟草之外的其他物质咀嚼之间的关系仍存在争议；但至少在这个国家，仅由槟榔果与石灰混合而成的咀嚼物肯定值得怀疑。随着与世隔绝状态的结束，这个国家正在发生深刻的社会经济变革；癌症模式也必然会发生变化，而且我们可能已经看到了这种变化的开端。文中指出了可能值得进一步详细研究的富有成果的领域。
