Marotte H, Timbal J
Chronobiologia. 1982 Oct-Dec;9(4):375-87.
Circadian changes in man's thermoregulating responses were studied in two experimental runs during which 7 volunteer subjects were exposed at 8 equally spaced time points of the 24-h span to a quick rise in temperature (To = 40 degrees C, v = 1 m/sec, P H2O less than 1 kPa) or to progressive cooling, the final temperature being reached after 45 min (To = 20 degrees C, v = 0.2 m/sec, P H2O less than 1 kPa). Under heat exposure, a circadian rhythm was observed in the period preceding the onset of sweating, and also in rectal temperature and mean body temperature, both at the onset of sweating and at its steady state. The time constant of the sweating rate and the sweating rate at the steady state show no apparent changes. Under cold exposure there is no detectable circadian rhythm in the mean body temperature at the onset of shivering, however, a circadian evolution appears in rectal temperature at the onset of shivering and at the end of the experiment. A circadian rhythm also appears for the metabolic response at the end of the experiment. These results suggest the presence of a circadian rhythm of the set point with no change in the gain of sweat responses. They also imply that thermoregulating responses to cold follow circadian changes.
在两项实验中研究了人类体温调节反应的昼夜变化，期间7名志愿者在24小时内8个等间隔时间点接受温度快速上升（初始温度(T_0 = 40^{\circ}C)，风速(v = 1m/s)，水汽压(P_{H_2O}<1kPa)）或逐渐冷却（45分钟后达到最终温度，(T_0 = 20^{\circ}C)，风速(v = 0.2m/s)，水汽压(P_{H_2O}<1kPa)）。在热暴露下，在出汗开始前的时间段以及出汗开始时和稳定状态下的直肠温度和平均体温中观察到昼夜节律。出汗率的时间常数和稳定状态下的出汗率没有明显变化。在冷暴露下，寒颤开始时平均体温没有可检测到的昼夜节律，然而，寒颤开始时和实验结束时直肠温度出现昼夜变化。实验结束时的代谢反应也出现昼夜节律。这些结果表明存在设定点的昼夜节律，出汗反应增益没有变化。它们还意味着对寒冷的体温调节反应遵循昼夜变化。
