The effect of chain length on glucose absorption and the related metabolic response.

The relative absorption of saccharides on different chain length has been reexamined. Whether glucose is administered as a monosaccharide, a disaccharide (maltose), an intermediate polysaccharide mixture with a mean chain length of five glucose units (Caloreen), or a polysaccharide (starch), the rate of rise and fall in blood glucose concentration is similar in healthy subjects. In a maturity onset diabetic, peak blood glucose is similar whether monosaccharide or Caloreen is ingested. Plasma insulin and plasma free fatty acid responses to glucose saccharide ingestion do not appear to be affected by chain length. The dietary form in which starch is administered, rather than chain length, is probably important.