Holcomb W R, Adams N
J Clin Psychol. 1982 Oct;38(4):793-6. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198210)38:4<793::aid-jclp2270380417>3.0.co;2-u.
Examined a sample of murderers (N = 137) (91 white and 46 black offenders) for racial differences on intelligence (both verbal and nonverbal) and personality measures. Black offenders scored significantly lower than white offenders on both verbal and nonverbal intelligence as well as on the SI scale of the MMPI. However, they scored higher on the MA scale. Overall, the intelligence measures discriminated better between black and white offenders than personality measures. Implications for future research and efforts to develop new norms for the MMPI are discussed.
研究了一组杀人犯样本（N = 137）（91名白人罪犯和46名黑人罪犯）在智力（包括语言和非语言）及人格测量方面的种族差异。黑人罪犯在语言和非语言智力以及明尼苏达多相人格调查表（MMPI）的社会内向（SI）量表上的得分显著低于白人罪犯。然而，他们在男子气（MA）量表上得分更高。总体而言，智力测量在区分黑人和白人罪犯方面比人格测量更有效。文中讨论了对未来研究的启示以及为MMPI制定新常模的努力。
