Shaffer J W, Duszynski K R, Thomas C B
J Clin Psychol. 1982 Oct;38(4):893-900. doi: 10.1002/1097-4679(198210)38:4<893::aid-jclp2270380435>3.0.co;2-v.
Scores on seven factors derived from a Habits of Work and Recreation Survey administered to 1,038 white male medical students 17 to 35 years ago were used to compare students who subsequently developed some form of major cancer with those who did not. With the Type I error rate controlled through use of multivariate analysis of variance and age and smoking ruled out as possible confounding variables, the two groups were significantly differentiated, primarily in terms of intellectual interests--cancer cases having fewer. Students at or below the overall mean on the intellectual interests measure were more than three times as likely to develop cancer as were students with scores above the mean. In this population, the results appear interpretable in terms of the stamina concept, in which few intellectual interests may reflect an absence of stamina and spontaneity and/or failure to meet subcultural expectations--factors possibly associated with increased cancer risk.
对17至35年前接受工作与娱乐习惯调查的1038名白人男性医学生得出的七个因素得分，被用于比较后来患某种重大癌症的学生与未患癌症的学生。通过使用多变量方差分析控制I型错误率，并排除年龄和吸烟作为可能的混杂变量，两组之间存在显著差异，主要体现在智力兴趣方面——患癌病例的智力兴趣较少。在智力兴趣测量中处于或低于总体均值的学生患癌的可能性是得分高于均值的学生的三倍多。在这一人群中，结果似乎可以根据耐力概念来解释，即很少的智力兴趣可能反映出缺乏耐力和自发性以及/或者未能满足亚文化期望——这些因素可能与患癌风险增加有关。
