Wolańska W, Kazubek-Jarema A
Probl Med Wieku Rozwoj. 1982;11:213-22.
The state of health and of general development of two and four-year-old children are presented on the bases of balance medical examinations performed in 3 centres (Integrated Health Care Centres). The methods and goals of those medical examinations are exposed. The examined population consisted of 1379 two- year-old and 1200-four-year-old children. About 26% of examined two-year-old urban children and 16% of rural ones have been qualified to active care groups. In the examined population of four-year-old children the respective values were 28% and 17%. Among 2-year-old children qualified for specialist's care, 85% have not been under such care before the balance-medical examination. In the 4-year-old group this situation was found in 70% of children. The most frequently observed deviations form the normal concerned: body build and posture, visual disorders, faulty mastication, insufficient body weight and/or height, dental caries and behaviour problems. Some differences in the health status were also found between the 3 centres. Environmental conditions such as sanitary facilities of the dwellings, overcrowding, utilities and home equipment were also analysed, and marked differences were observed between urban and rural areas. Further studies will be conducted in five more centres.
根据在3个中心（综合医疗保健中心）进行的全面医学检查，呈现了两岁和四岁儿童的健康状况及总体发育情况。阐述了这些医学检查的方法和目标。受检人群包括1379名两岁儿童和1200名四岁儿童。约26%的受检城市两岁儿童和16%的农村两岁儿童被归入积极护理组。在受检的四岁儿童人群中，相应比例分别为28%和17%。在符合专科护理条件的两岁儿童中，85%在全面医学检查之前未接受过此类护理。在四岁儿童组中，70%的儿童存在这种情况。最常观察到的与正常情况的偏差涉及：体型和姿势、视力障碍、咀嚼不良、体重和/或身高不足、龋齿和行为问题。在3个中心之间也发现了健康状况的一些差异。还分析了居住环境条件，如住房的卫生设施、过度拥挤、公用设施和家用设备，并且观察到城乡之间存在显著差异。还将在另外5个中心开展进一步研究。
