Topol P, Reznikoff M
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1982 Fall;12(3):141-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1943-278x.1982.tb00936.x.
Thirty hospitalized suicidal adolescents were compared with thirty-four hospitalized nonsuicidal teenagers and thirty-five nonhospitalized coping youngsters (controls) on the extent of their problems, their perceptions of peer and family relationships, degree of hopelessness, and locus of control. Suicidals were found to experience the greatest total number of problems, nonsuicidals the next most, and controls the fewest. Significantly more peer problems differentiated the suicidals from the other two groups, while serious family problems discriminated the three groups from each other. The controls viewed their families as the most well-adjusted, followed by the nonsuicidals, while the suicidals felt their families were the most maladjusted. Suicide attempters experienced a significantly greater degree of hopelessness than all the non-attempters, and significantly more external locus of control than the controls. Some sex differences emerged in the study.
将30名住院的有自杀倾向的青少年与34名住院的无自杀倾向的青少年以及35名未住院的善于应对的青少年（对照组）在问题程度、对同伴和家庭关系的认知、绝望程度以及控制源方面进行了比较。结果发现，有自杀倾向的青少年经历的问题总数最多，无自杀倾向的青少年次之，对照组最少。与其他两组相比，有自杀倾向的青少年存在显著更多的同伴问题，而严重的家庭问题则使这三组相互区分开来。对照组认为他们的家庭适应状况最佳，其次是无自杀倾向的青少年，而有自杀倾向的青少年则觉得他们的家庭适应状况最差。自杀未遂者比所有未尝试自杀者经历的绝望程度显著更高，且比对照组有显著更多的外部控制源。该研究还出现了一些性别差异。
