Daniel W F, Crovitz H F
Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1982 Dec;66(6):421-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.1982.tb04499.x.
Studies which provide quantitative analyses of postictal disorientation following electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are reviewed with emphasis on the variable of time since seizure induction as it relates to recovery of orientation. The studies make it clear that separable components of orientation (person, place, and time) recover at different rates following ECT. The length of disorientation tends to increase with treatment number, but modifications of electrode placement (nondominant unilateral ECT) and electrical stimulus waveform (brief-pulse ECT) result in a decrease in disorientation when compared to standard bilateral sinusoidal ECT. Bilateral ECT may produce more disorientation than dominant unilateral ECT if more generalized seizures occur with the former than the latter treatment modality. Practical implications of these issues are discussed.
对电休克治疗（ECT）后发作后定向障碍进行定量分析的研究进行了综述，重点关注自诱发癫痫发作后的时间变量与定向恢复的关系。这些研究清楚地表明，ECT后定向的可分离成分（人物、地点和时间）以不同的速率恢复。定向障碍的持续时间往往随着治疗次数的增加而延长，但与标准双侧正弦波ECT相比，电极放置的改变（非优势侧单侧ECT）和电刺激波形（短脉冲ECT）会导致定向障碍减少。如果前者比后者治疗方式引发更多的全身性癫痫发作，双侧ECT可能比优势侧单侧ECT产生更多的定向障碍。讨论了这些问题的实际意义。
