Katholi R E, Imamura K, James T N
Am J Anat. 1982 Nov;165(3):249-60. doi: 10.1002/aja.1001650303.
Reflex vasoconstriction that occurs in the kidney of the dog can be the result of activation of catecholamine flow reaching the kidney directly from the adrenal medulla via adrenorenal portal vessels. This study was undertaken to learn more about the histologic and fine-structural anatomy of these unusual vessels. We found that they are thin-walled vessels (200-500 micrometers) which are accompanied by many capillaries. These portal vessels have distinctive valves and have sparse, longitudinally arranged musculature which is denser at the base of the valves. The valves in the portal vessels are arranged to permit flow in the direction from the adrenal gland toward the kidney. Smooth muscle at the base of the valve is in close proximity to non-myelinated nerve fibers, suggesting that the opening of these valves may in part be neurally mediated. These unique anatomical features distinguish the adrenorenal portal vessels from other blood vessels and likely have functional importance in control of the adrenorenal circulation.
犬肾中发生的反射性血管收缩可能是儿茶酚胺经肾上腺肾门静脉直接从肾上腺髓质到达肾脏并被激活的结果。本研究旨在进一步了解这些特殊血管的组织学和精细结构解剖。我们发现它们是薄壁血管（200 - 500微米），周围伴有许多毛细血管。这些门静脉有独特的瓣膜，且有稀疏的纵向排列的肌肉组织，在瓣膜基部更密集。门静脉中的瓣膜排列方式允许血液从肾上腺流向肾脏。瓣膜基部的平滑肌紧邻无髓神经纤维，这表明这些瓣膜的开放可能部分受神经介导。这些独特的解剖特征使肾上腺肾门静脉区别于其他血管，并且可能在肾上腺肾循环的控制中具有重要功能。
