Tamarin A
Am J Anat. 1982 Nov;165(3):319-37. doi: 10.1002/aja.1001650308.
This study has followed the development of the primary choanae in the mouse and has shown that they originate at the developmentally strategic position of junction between the primordia of the primary and secondary palates and that this basic anatomic relationship is maintained throughout further development. Involution of the oronasal membrane begins late in the 11th day (stage 19) with the formation of interstitial gaps. The gaps enlarge and coalesce so that a completely patent opening between nasal passage and stomodeum is established by 13 days (stage 21). The membrane consists of two layers of simple squamous epithelium which become separated as involution progresses. The form of the choanal antrum changes from a simple funnel-shaped ellipse early in the 13th day to a complex slitlike opening within the following 24 hours. This coincides with the completion of a definitive primary palate and the enlargement and elevation of the shelves of the secondary palate. The maturation of the incisive papilla and interchoanal columella is related to the final stages of choanal morphogenesis. Thus, by stage 22 (14 days) the shape of the primary choanae and their anatomic relationship to the primary and secondary palates are established, and they remain essentially unchanged in later stages.
本研究追踪了小鼠原发性后鼻孔的发育过程，结果表明，它们起源于原发性和继发性腭原基之间具有发育战略意义的连接位置，并且这种基本的解剖关系在后续发育过程中一直保持。口鼻膜的退化在第11天晚期（第19阶段）开始，伴随着间隙的形成。间隙扩大并合并，从而在第13天（第21阶段）建立起鼻腔通道与口凹之间完全通畅的开口。该膜由两层单层扁平上皮组成，随着退化过程的推进，这两层上皮会分离。后鼻孔窦的形态在第13天早期从简单的漏斗形椭圆形变为在接下来的24小时内变为复杂的裂隙状开口。这与确定性原发性腭的完成以及继发性腭板的扩大和抬高相吻合。切牙乳头和后鼻孔间小柱的成熟与后鼻孔形态发生的最后阶段相关。因此，到第22阶段（14天）时，原发性后鼻孔的形状及其与原发性和继发性腭的解剖关系已确立，并且在后期基本保持不变。
