Smith D H, Hackathorn L
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 1982 Winter;12(4):195-211. doi: 10.1111/j.1943-278x.1982.tb00708.x.
Using a sample of primitive and peasant societies from the Human Relations Area Files, this paper examines some of the social and psychological factors related to suicide prevalence. Although the sample is small, the results are quite striking, and a multivariate analysis accounts for about 70 percent of the variance in suicide prevalence. In these data, suicide prevalence is quite consistently high where (a) the society involved is of the stable agricultural type (vs. hunting-gathering type), (b) the society customarily expects either very restrained or very open expression of the emotions (vs. more moderate expression of the emotions), and (c) the society customarily places a great deal of importance on individual pride and shame (vs. little or no emphasis on such matters).
本文利用人类关系区域档案中原始社会和农民社会的样本，研究了一些与自杀率相关的社会和心理因素。尽管样本规模较小，但结果颇为显著，多变量分析解释了自杀率差异的约70%。在这些数据中，在以下情况下自杀率一直相当高：(a) 所涉及的社会是稳定的农业类型（相对于狩猎采集类型）；(b) 该社会通常期望情感表达要么非常克制要么非常开放（相对于情感表达较为适度）；以及(c) 该社会通常非常重视个人的自尊和羞耻感（相对于很少或根本不强调此类事情）。
