Morisaki N, Shinomiya M, Mizobuchi M, Fujiyama Y, Sasaki N, Shirai K, Matsuoka N, Saito Y, Kumagai A
Artery. 1982;11(3):225-37.
The characteristics and properties of lipid metabolism in the aorta and the brain microvessels of rabbits were investigated to clarify the role of lipid metabolism in formation of atherosclerosis. In rabbit aorta, cholesterol esterase and lipase each had an acidic and a neutral optimum pH, whereas acyl-CoA synthetase, acyl-CoA: cholesterol acyltransferase, triglyceride synthesizing activity and choline phosphotransferase each had one neutral optimum pH. These pH optima were similar to those in rats. High cholesterol diet induced atheromatous lesions in the aorta, but not in the brain microvessels. In atheromatous aorta, the acid lipase and acid phosphatase activities were higher than in controls, but not the acid cholesterol esterase activity. Moreover the activities of neutral lipase, acyl-CoA synthetase, acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase, triglyceride synthesis and choline phosphotransferase were increased, but neutral cholesterol esterase activity was normal. These data suggest that lipis metabolism in the atheromatous aorta is changed in a manner favoring accumulation of lipids, especially cholesterol esters. In controls, most of the above enzyme activities in the brain microvessels were higher than those in the aorta. However, these enzyme activities in the brain microvessels were not changed by cholesterol feeding. Thus it is suggested that the properties of lipid metabolism in the aorta and brain microvessels, including permeability of lipoproteins into the vessel walls, are important in formation of atherosclerosis in addition to the serum factors.
为阐明脂质代谢在动脉粥样硬化形成中的作用，对兔主动脉和脑微血管中的脂质代谢特征及特性进行了研究。在兔主动脉中，胆固醇酯酶和脂肪酶各自具有一个酸性最适pH值和一个中性最适pH值，而酰基辅酶A合成酶、酰基辅酶A：胆固醇酰基转移酶、甘油三酯合成活性和胆碱磷酸转移酶各自具有一个中性最适pH值。这些最适pH值与大鼠中的相似。高胆固醇饮食可诱导主动脉出现动脉粥样硬化病变，但不会在脑微血管中诱导出现。在动脉粥样硬化的主动脉中，酸性脂肪酶和酸性磷酸酶活性高于对照组，但酸性胆固醇酯酶活性并非如此。此外，中性脂肪酶、酰基辅酶A合成酶、酰基辅酶A：胆固醇酰基转移酶、甘油三酯合成和胆碱磷酸转移酶的活性增加，但中性胆固醇酯酶活性正常。这些数据表明，动脉粥样硬化主动脉中的脂质代谢发生了改变，有利于脂质尤其是胆固醇酯的积累。在对照组中，脑微血管中上述大多数酶活性高于主动脉中的。然而，胆固醇喂养并未改变脑微血管中的这些酶活性。因此，除血清因素外，主动脉和脑微血管中脂质代谢的特性，包括脂蛋白进入血管壁的通透性，在动脉粥样硬化的形成中也很重要。
