Morgan K J, Stults V J, Zabik M E
Regul Toxicol Pharmacol. 1982 Dec;2(4):296-307. doi: 10.1016/0273-2300(82)90003-4.
A nationwide, 7-day food consumption survey was utilized to assess average daily consumption of saccharin and caffeine by individuals 5 to 18 years old. The total sample's average daily saccharin and caffeine intakes were 4.1 and 37.4 mg, respectively. Only 14% of the individuals consumed saccharin while 98% consumed caffeine. On days when these dietary components were consumed, average saccharin intake was 87.4 mg and average caffeine intake was 47.9 mg. In general, intake levels of both dietary components increased with increasing age. However, on a body weight basis (mg/kg) caffeine intakes did not increase with increasing age. When expressed as milligrams of caffeine intake per kilogram body weight per day, children 5 to 6 years old had significantly higher intakes (1.1 mg/kg/day) than 7 to 8 years olds. No other age differences were noted. Artificially sweetened carbonated beverages contributed the greatest number of milligrams of saccharin to total intake while tea, followed by carbonated beverages, made the most significant impact on caffeine consumption. Considerable variation was found for both saccharin and caffeine consumption levels among the sample members as well as for each individual during the 7 days surveyed.
一项全国性的7天食物消费调查被用于评估5至18岁个体的糖精和咖啡因日均摄入量。总样本的糖精和咖啡因日均摄入量分别为4.1毫克和37.4毫克。只有14%的个体摄入糖精，而98%的个体摄入咖啡因。在摄入这些膳食成分的日子里，糖精平均摄入量为87.4毫克，咖啡因平均摄入量为47.9毫克。总体而言，两种膳食成分的摄入量都随着年龄的增长而增加。然而，以体重为基础（毫克/千克），咖啡因摄入量并未随着年龄的增长而增加。当以每天每千克体重摄入咖啡因的毫克数表示时，5至6岁的儿童摄入量（1.1毫克/千克/天）显著高于7至8岁的儿童。未发现其他年龄差异。人工甜味碳酸饮料对糖精总摄入量的贡献最大，而茶对咖啡因消费的影响最大，其次是碳酸饮料。在调查的7天里，样本成员以及每个个体的糖精和咖啡因消费水平都存在相当大的差异。
