Fulton R T, Meyer P A, Cooper S J
J Aud Res. 1982 Apr;22(2):131-42.
Three pilot experiments were conducted with normal-hearing adults on the effects of contralateral speech discourse on monaural intensive threshold at 1 kc/s. Two voices simultaneously reading dissimilar passages were presented to the non-test ear. Pure tones and speech were led to insert receivers. Threshold assessment was by operant techniques with feedback for correct response. Stimulus presentation and response recording and retrieval were under computer control. Performance was analyzed by threshold central tendencies and variances, by slopes of performance-level curves, and by slopes of curves for response-decision latencies vs level. In Exper. I (N:5), Ss made threshold judgments while in the contralateral ear speech was presented at 30 db SL, in 2-sec samples with 2-25- sec silent intervals intervening. In Exper. II (N:3), the interrupted speech was at levels of -10, 10, 50, and 70 db; in addition, 4 blocks of thresholds were taken at 30 db SL to examine adaptation effects, if any. In Exper. III (N:3), speech was continuous at the levels of 10, 30, 50, and 70 db. None of the characteristics of the speech appeared to affect performance by any of the 3 indices at any level, for any S systematically. It was concluded that inter- and intra-subject variability may be the key to much of the conflicting results in the literature in the area of performance in noise.
针对听力正常的成年人，进行了三项关于对侧言语语篇对1千周/秒单耳强度阈值影响的先导实验。向非测试耳同时呈现两个朗读不同段落的声音。纯音和言语通过插入式接收器传送。阈值评估采用操作性技术，并对正确反应给予反馈。刺激呈现、反应记录和检索均由计算机控制。通过阈值集中趋势和方差、表现水平曲线的斜率以及反应决策潜伏期与强度的曲线斜率来分析表现。在实验I（N = 5）中，当对侧耳以30分贝感觉级呈现言语时，受试者进行阈值判断，言语以2秒样本呈现，中间间隔2至25秒的静音期。在实验II（N = 3）中，间断言语的强度为 -10、10、50和70分贝；此外，在30分贝感觉级下获取4组阈值以检验适应效应（若有）。在实验III（N = 3）中，言语在10、30、50和70分贝强度下持续呈现。对于任何受试者，在任何强度水平下，言语的任何特征似乎都不会通过三个指标中的任何一个系统地影响表现。得出的结论是，受试者间和受试者内的变异性可能是该领域文献中许多关于噪声环境下表现的相互矛盾结果的关键所在。
