Poole M C, Mahesh V B, Costoff A
Am J Anat. 1980 May;158(1):15-28. doi: 10.1002/aja.1001580104.
The organellar dynamics within mammotropes (prolactin secreting cells) of the anterior pituitary were examined using morphometry throughout the four-day rat estrous cycle. Two predominant periods of maximal organellar activity were found. The first period, which occurred during proestrus, resulted in two peaks of serum PRL at 6 pm and 12 m proestrus, while the second occurred during middiestrus-2 and resulted in an increase of pituitary PRL, but not a major serum PRL peak. The mitochondrial volume rose prior to that of other organelles during early proestrus, rising 110% from 4 am late diestrus-2 to 6 pm proestrus. However, the number of mitochondria per cell remained constant throughout the cycle. The volumes of rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and Golgi complex reached maximal proportions at 8 pm and 12 m proestrus, respectively. The RER volume was 153% greater than at 4 am late diestrus-2, while the Golgi complex had increased by 200%. We suggest that changes in the RER and Golgi complex volumes were the result of two processes: the synthesis of new membrane and the swelling of existing complexes. This study further substantiated that the serum peak of PRL at 6 pm proestrus is the result of stored mature granules being released, whereas the PRL peak at 12 m proestrus is due to the immediate release of hormone without any storage.
在整个为期四天的大鼠发情周期中，利用形态测量学方法研究了垂体前叶催乳素分泌细胞（促乳腺细胞）内的细胞器动态变化。发现了两个细胞器活性最高的主要时期。第一个时期发生在发情前期，导致发情前期下午6点和午夜12点出现两个血清催乳素峰值，而第二个时期发生在间情期-2中期，导致垂体催乳素增加，但未出现主要的血清催乳素峰值。在发情前期早期，线粒体体积比其他细胞器先增加，从发情后期-2凌晨4点到发情前期下午6点增加了110%。然而，每个细胞中的线粒体数量在整个周期中保持不变。粗面内质网（RER）和高尔基体的体积分别在发情前期晚上8点和午夜12点达到最大比例。RER体积比发情后期-2凌晨4点时大153%，而高尔基体增加了200%。我们认为，RER和高尔基体体积的变化是两个过程的结果：新膜的合成和现有复合体的肿胀。这项研究进一步证实，发情前期下午6点的血清催乳素峰值是储存的成熟颗粒释放的结果，而发情前期午夜12点的催乳素峰值是激素立即释放而没有任何储存的结果。
