Black R E, Gunn R A
Am J Med. 1980 Oct;69(4):567-70. doi: 10.1016/0002-9343(80)90469-6.
During an 11-year period (1967 through 1977) CDC monitored reactions of hypersensitivity to botulinal antitoxin of equine origin. Of 268 persons given botulinal antitoxin, 24 (9.0 percent) had nonfatal acute (5.3 percent) or delayed (3.7 percent) hypersensitivity reactions to a skin test or therapeutic dose. The over-all rate of reaction did not differ with the age or sex of the recipient or with the type (AB or ABE) of antitoxin administered. Serum sickness occurred significantly more frequently in persons who received more than 40 ml of serum antitoxin (p < 0.02). The over-all reaction, rate was higher than that associated with other equine serum products and probably cannot be substantially reduced. This risk, however, would be substantially reduced if not eliminated by using botulinal immune globulin obtained from hyperimmunized human donors.
在1967年至1977年的11年期间，美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）监测了对马源肉毒抗毒素的过敏反应。在268名接受肉毒抗毒素治疗的人中，有24人（9.0%）对皮肤试验或治疗剂量出现了非致命性急性（5.3%）或迟发性（3.7%）过敏反应。总体反应率与接受者的年龄、性别或所给予抗毒素的类型（AB或ABE）无关。接受超过40毫升血清抗毒素的人血清病发生率显著更高（p < 0.02）。总体反应率高于与其他马血清产品相关的反应率，并且可能无法大幅降低。然而，如果使用从超免疫人类供体获得的肉毒免疫球蛋白，这种风险即使不能消除也会大幅降低。
