Opstad P K, Aakvaag A, Rognum T O
Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol. 1980;45(1):51-62. doi: 10.1007/BF00421201.
The hormonal response to a standardized bicycle exercise test was studied in 11 male cadets exposed to a course of 107 h of continuous activity with less than 2 h sleep. The subjects expended only about 8,600-11,000 kcal/24 h whereas their daily food intake contained only about 1,500 kcal. The exercise test was performed once 12 days before the course (control experiment) and on day 3 and day 5 during the course, always between 0700-0900 h. A two to six fold increase was seen in the resting levels of noradrenaline, adrenaline, dopamine, and growth hormone during the course whereas a decrease was observed for thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and prolactin. Cortisol increased on day 3 and then decreased to precourse levels on day 5. The response to the exercise test during the course for all catecholamines was a further increase above and proportional to the raisted resting levels. Growth hormone increased by about 6-8 microgram/l both before and during the course. During the exercise test, cortisol decreased before the course whereas it increased during the course. All plasma levels of cortisol were higher on day 3 than on day 5 and in the control experiment. The post-exercise insulin increase was reduced during the course corresponding to a reduction in blood glucose levels. Prolactin decreased during and after exercise in the control experiment, whereas on day 5 the opposite response was seen. No changes in the disappearance rate of different hormones were observed during the course. The present investigation has demonstrated that prolonged strain severely affects the resting plasma levels of different hormones as well as the endocrine response to a short-term physical exercise.
对11名男性学员进行了研究，观察他们在经历107小时持续活动且睡眠不足2小时的课程期间，对标准化自行车运动测试的激素反应。受试者每天消耗约8600 - 11000千卡热量，而他们的每日食物摄入量仅约1500千卡。运动测试在课程开始前12天进行了一次（对照实验），并在课程期间的第3天和第5天进行，时间均在07:00 - 09:00之间。在课程期间，去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素、多巴胺和生长激素的静息水平增加了2至6倍，而甲状腺素、三碘甲状腺原氨酸和催乳素水平则下降。皮质醇在第3天增加，然后在第5天降至课程开始前的水平。在课程期间，所有儿茶酚胺对运动测试的反应是在升高的静息水平基础上进一步增加，且与之成比例。在课程开始前和期间，生长激素均增加约6 - 8微克/升。在运动测试期间，皮质醇在课程开始前下降，而在课程期间升高。所有皮质醇的血浆水平在第3天高于第5天以及对照实验中的水平。运动后胰岛素的增加在课程期间减少，这与血糖水平的降低相对应。在对照实验中，催乳素在运动期间和运动后下降，而在第5天观察到相反的反应。在课程期间未观察到不同激素消失率的变化。本研究表明，长期应激会严重影响不同激素的静息血浆水平以及对短期体育锻炼的内分泌反应。
