麻黄碱在大鼠脑中的多巴胺样特性。
Dopamine-like properties of ephedrine in rat brain.
作者信息
Zarrindast M R
出版信息
Br J Pharmacol. 1981 Sep;74(1):119-22. doi: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.1981.tb09962.x.
1 Ephedrine (3.1-50 mg/kg) was given intraperitoneally to rats and was found to cause a marked increase in spontaneous locomotor activity. 2 In rats with a unilateral lesion in the substantia nigra made by stereotaxic injections of 6-hydroxydopamine, ephedrine (12.5-150 mg/kg i.p.) caused a dose-dependent turning towards the lesioned side. 3 Turning behaviour and increase in locomotion produced by ephedrine were antagonized by pretreatment of the animals with pimozide, amino-oxyacetic acid or reserpine plus alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine, but not by pretreatment with phenoxybenzamine, propranolol or methergoline. 4 In in vitro studies with synaptosomes prepared from rat brain, ephedrine blocked the uptake and caused the release of [3H]-dopamine. 5 Similar results with regard to locomotion and turning behaviour were obtained with (+)-amphetamine. 6 It is concluded that the increase in locomotion and turning behaviour produced by ephedrine is mediated through an indirect dopaminergic mechanism.
给大鼠腹腔注射麻黄碱（3.1 - 50毫克/千克），发现其能显著增加自发运动活性。
对通过立体定位注射6 - 羟基多巴胺造成单侧黑质损伤的大鼠，麻黄碱（12.5 - 150毫克/千克，腹腔注射）引起向损伤侧的剂量依赖性旋转。
用匹莫齐特、氨氧乙酸或利血平加α - 甲基 - 对 - 酪氨酸预处理动物，可拮抗麻黄碱产生的旋转行为和运动增加，但用酚苄明、普萘洛尔或麦角新碱预处理则无效。
在对从大鼠脑制备的突触体进行的体外研究中，麻黄碱阻断了[3H] - 多巴胺的摄取并导致其释放。
用（+） - 苯丙胺获得了关于运动和旋转行为的类似结果。
得出结论，麻黄碱产生的运动增加和旋转行为是通过间接多巴胺能机制介导的。
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