Daikoku N H, Kaltreider D F, Johnson T R, Johnson J W, Simmons M A
Obstet Gynecol. 1981 Oct;58(4):417-25.
The purpose of this study was to analyze neonatal infection rates and perinatal mortality in births complicated by premature rupture of membranes (PROM) and spontaneous labor before term (less than 37 weeks' gestation). Neonatal infection occurred more commonly in preterm compared with term infants. The risk of infection due solely to PROM was insignificant compared with the risk attributable to preterm birth. Perinatal mortality and cause-specific mortality varied inversely with gestational age. These rates were not significantly different between groups with or without PROM or with or without associated development of maternal endometritis. Although the mortality due to infection was higher in preterm compared with term groups, most preterm deaths were attributed to other factors, particularly anoxia and respiratory causes. The diverse fetal risks associated with PROM and the associated maternal infection risks analyzed support expectant management when PROM occurs preterm.
本研究的目的是分析胎膜早破（PROM）和早产（妊娠少于37周）并发自然分娩时的新生儿感染率和围产期死亡率。与足月儿相比，早产儿更易发生新生儿感染。单纯胎膜早破所致的感染风险与早产所致的风险相比微不足道。围产期死亡率和特定病因死亡率与孕周呈负相关。有无胎膜早破或有无产妇子宫内膜炎相关发展的组间这些比率无显著差异。虽然与足月儿组相比，早产儿因感染导致的死亡率更高，但大多数早产死亡归因于其他因素，尤其是缺氧和呼吸系统病因。分析的与胎膜早破相关的多种胎儿风险及相关的母体感染风险支持早产胎膜早破时采用期待治疗。
