DePace N L, Soulen R L, Kotler M N, Mintz G S
Am J Cardiol. 1981 Nov;48(5):954-60. doi: 10.1016/0002-9149(81)90364-7.
With two dimensional echocardiography, a left atrial mass was detected in 19 patients. Of these, 10 patients with rheumatic mitral stenosis had a left atrial thrombus. The distinctive two dimensional echocardiographic features of left atrial thrombus included a mass of irregular nonmobile laminated echos within an enlarged atrial cavity, usually with a broad base of attachment to the posterior left atrial wall. Seven patients had a left atrial myxoma. Usually, the myxoma appeared as a mottled ovoid, sharply demarcated mobile mass attached to the interatrial septum. One patient had a right atrial angiosarcoma that appeared as a nonmobile mass extending from the inferior vena caval-right atrial junction into the right atrial cavity. One patient had a left atrial leiomyosarcoma producing a highly mobile mass attached to the lateral wall of the left atrium. M mode echocardiography detected six of the seven myxomas, one thrombus and neither of the other tumors. Thus, two dimensional echocardiography appears to be the technique of choice in the detection, localization and differentiation of intraatrial masses.
二维超声心动图检查发现19例患者存在左心房肿物。其中，10例风湿性二尖瓣狭窄患者有左心房血栓形成。左心房血栓二维超声心动图的特征表现为：在扩大的心房腔内有一团不规则的、不活动的分层回声，通常在左心房后壁有较宽的附着基底。7例患者有左心房黏液瘤。黏液瘤通常表现为附着于房间隔的斑驳状卵圆形、边界清晰的活动肿物。1例患者有右心房血管肉瘤，表现为从下腔静脉 - 右心房连接处延伸至右心房腔内的不活动肿物。1例患者有左心房平滑肌肉瘤，产生一个附着于左心房侧壁的活动度很高的肿物。M型超声心动图检测出7例黏液瘤中的6例、1例血栓，未检测出其他肿瘤。因此，二维超声心动图似乎是检测、定位和鉴别心房内肿物的首选技术。
