Libshitz H I, Shuman L S, Gresik M V, Heaston D K
Radiology. 1981 Apr;139(1):19-24. doi: 10.1148/radiology.139.1.7208921.
Hairy-cell leukemia (HCL) is an unusual malignant hematologic disorder involving splenomegaly, pancytopenia, and circulating mononuclear cells with prominent cytoplasmic projections. As in most forms of leukemia, the risk of pulmonary infection by normal pathogens and opportunistic invaders alike is high. HCL may be associated with granulomatous infections of the lung, especially mycobacterioses. Of the authors' series of 33 patients, 9 had a fungal or mycobacterial infection, including 5 atypical mycobacterial species. Five of the 6 patients with mycobacterioses and 1 of the 3 with fungal pneumonia survived the infection with appropriate therapy. Granulomatous infections, particularly mycobacterioses, should be seriously considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary parenchymal disease in a patient with HCl.
毛细胞白血病（HCL）是一种罕见的恶性血液系统疾病，表现为脾肿大、全血细胞减少以及具有显著细胞质突起的循环单核细胞。与大多数白血病形式一样，正常病原体和机会性入侵者引发肺部感染的风险都很高。HCL可能与肺部肉芽肿性感染有关，尤其是分枝杆菌感染。在作者的33例患者系列中，9例发生了真菌或分枝杆菌感染，其中包括5种非典型分枝杆菌。6例分枝杆菌感染患者中的5例以及3例真菌性肺炎患者中的1例经适当治疗后感染存活。在HCl患者的肺实质疾病鉴别诊断中，应认真考虑肉芽肿性感染，尤其是分枝杆菌感染。
