Probst J
Unfallchirurgie. 1980;6(2):134-8. doi: 10.1007/BF02589464.
Lesions of the capsule and the ligaments of the knee joint require immobilization, regardless if they are treated with or without surgery. The plaster cast causes an atrophy of muscles which have an important function together with the capsule. During immobilization isometric tension exercises can work against the atrophy and are useful to regain the full mobility of the joint. The period of immobilization depends on the lesion. Active and to some extent passive exercises, gymnastics in water and combined exercises (e.g. cycling, walking in water) determine the therapy. A mobilization of the joint under anesthesia is excluded. Thermotherapy and massaging are contraindicated for an injured knee. An expert appraisal has to evaluate the injury in connection with the accident and with the degree of damage.
膝关节囊和韧带损伤，无论是否接受手术治疗，均需固定。石膏固定会导致与关节囊共同发挥重要作用的肌肉萎缩。在固定期间，等长张力练习可对抗肌肉萎缩，有助于恢复关节的完全活动度。固定时间取决于损伤情况。主动及一定程度的被动运动、水中体操和综合运动（如骑自行车、水中行走）决定了治疗方式。不包括在麻醉下对关节进行松动术。热疗和按摩对受伤的膝盖是禁忌的。必须由专家评估损伤与事故及损伤程度的关系。
