Shanok S S, Lewis D O
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1981 Feb;38(2):211-3. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1981.01780270097013.
The medical histories (based on hospital records) of matched samples of nonincarcerated delinquent girls, incarcerated delinquent girls, and nondelinquent girls were compared. Numbers of visits, timing of visits, services used, and reasons for hospital contacts were compared for the three groups. Delinquent girls in general had significantly more adverse medical histories than nondelinquent girls; they made significantly more hospital visits and had significantly more accidents and injuries through age 21 years. Perinatal difficulties did not distinguish these two groups. Although incarcerated and nonincarcerated delinquent girls made similar numbers of hospital visits, their histories differed qualitatively. Accidents and injuries, head and face injuries, perinatal difficulties, neurologic abnormalities, and child abuse were found more frequently in the histories of incarcerated girls. These findings have etiologic importance to the development of seriously delinquent behavior.
对非监禁违法少女、监禁违法少女和非违法少女的匹配样本的病史（基于医院记录）进行了比较。比较了三组的就诊次数、就诊时间、使用的服务以及就医原因。一般来说，违法少女的不良病史比非违法少女明显更多；她们在21岁之前的住院次数明显更多，事故和受伤情况也明显更多。围产期困难并未区分这两组。虽然监禁违法少女和非监禁违法少女的住院次数相似，但她们的病史在性质上有所不同。在监禁少女的病史中，事故和受伤、头部和面部受伤、围产期困难、神经异常和虐待儿童的情况更为常见。这些发现对严重违法犯罪行为的发展具有病因学意义。
