Schwartz M L, Miller R P
Arch Surg. 1981 Apr;116(4):435-7. doi: 10.1001/archsurg.1981.01380160047010.
On 12 patients with reaccumulation of ascitic fluid after peritoneovenous (LeVeen) shunt insertion, shuntograms were performed by direct percutaneous puncture of the venous limb of the shunt. Shunt function was evaluated by pressure determination and injection of sterile iodinated contrast material. The shuntogram correctly predicted the cause of shunt malfunction in ten of 12 patients. Two failures were attributable to central venous hypertension. The addition of pressure measurements has been shown to correlate with central venous pressure at the time of surgery and hopefully will eliminate the inability of the procedure to diagnose shunt malfunction secondary to venous hypertension. There have been no episodes of pulmonary embolization is a safe and effective method for assessing peritoneovenous shunt malfunction. The information gained from this procedure is valuable to the surgeon who plans an operation to correct shunt malfunction.
对于12例在插入腹腔静脉（LeVeen）分流术后出现腹水再积聚的患者，通过直接经皮穿刺分流管的静脉端进行分流造影。通过压力测定和注射无菌碘化造影剂来评估分流功能。分流造影在12例患者中的10例中正确预测了分流故障的原因。两例失败归因于中心静脉高压。已证明增加压力测量与手术时的中心静脉压相关，有望消除该方法无法诊断继发于静脉高压的分流故障的情况。未发生肺栓塞事件，这是一种评估腹腔静脉分流故障的安全有效方法。从该操作中获得的信息对于计划进行手术以纠正分流故障的外科医生很有价值。
