Martini J L, Brook R C
Int J Addict. 1978 Oct;13(7):1169-76. doi: 10.3109/10826087809039334.
The values of clients, alcoholics and nonalcoholics (N = 118), were compared to the values of therapists (N = 45). Value comparisons were also made between alcoholics and nonalcoholics as well as between these subgroups and therapists. Distinctive value patterns emerged which were peculiar to therapists and to clients and differentiated them from each other. Value priorities of therapists were those which loaded on factors of self-expansion, competence, and other directedness, whereas the value priorities of clients were those which load on factors of self-constriction, religious morality, and inner-directedness. Few values were found to discriminate between the alcoholic and nonalcoholic. The alcoholic placed a higher value on "self-control," "social recognition," and "a sense of accomplishment" than the nonalcoholic. The results are discussed in the light of a deprivation hypothesis and the implication they have for therapeutic intervention with the alcoholic.
将118名来访者（包括酗酒者和非酗酒者）的价值观与45名治疗师的价值观进行了比较。同时也对酗酒者和非酗酒者之间以及这些亚组与治疗师之间的价值观进行了比较。出现了独特的价值模式，这些模式是治疗师和来访者所特有的，并且使他们彼此区分开来。治疗师的价值优先级是那些负载于自我扩展、能力和他人导向因素上的，而来访者的价值优先级是那些负载于自我约束、宗教道德和内在导向因素上的。很少有价值观能区分酗酒者和非酗酒者。酗酒者比非酗酒者更重视“自我控制”“社会认可”和“成就感”。根据剥夺假说对结果进行了讨论，以及它们对酗酒者治疗干预的启示。
