Bøvre K, Gedde-Dahl T W
NIPH Ann. 1980 Dec;3(2):9-22.
Using official notification figures for 1975-79, the recent meningococcal (MC) epidemic in Norway is described and related briefly to historical and international trends. This is the fourth major MC epidemic in Norway. Such epidemics have occurred at intervals of about 30 years. Apparent morbidity and mortality are presented in relation to time, region, serogroup, age and sex. Main characteristics of this epidemic are long duration, higher attack rates in North Norway and Mid-Norway, and in the winter/spring months, and a relatively high case fatality. The start of the epidemic coincided with a development of serogroup B predominance, following a shift from sulphonamide sensitivity to sulphonamide resistance in the majority of causative strains isolated shortly before. Morbidity peaks are observed in the second half of the first year of life (the highest rate) and among the age-group 14-17 years, with more male cases than female cases in the first three years of life. Case fatality appears to be high in the first five years of life, and even higher in the age-group 20 years and above. In the youngest age-groups and among adults, the case fatality is higher for males. The features of the epidemic are discussed in the light of coverage in official statistics of true occurrence of morbidity and mortality.
利用1975 - 1979年的官方通报数据，描述了挪威近期的脑膜炎球菌（MC）疫情，并简要阐述了其与历史和国际趋势的关系。这是挪威第四次大规模的MC疫情。此类疫情大约每隔30年发生一次。呈现了按时间、地区、血清群、年龄和性别划分的明显发病率和死亡率。此次疫情的主要特征为持续时间长、挪威北部和中部以及冬季/春季月份的发病率较高，以及病死率相对较高。疫情开始时，在之前不久分离出的大多数致病菌株中，从对磺胺敏感转变为对磺胺耐药之后，血清群B占主导地位的情况有所发展。发病率高峰出现在出生后第一年的下半年（发病率最高）以及14 - 17岁年龄组，在生命的头三年中男性病例多于女性病例。病死率在生命的头五年似乎较高，在20岁及以上年龄组甚至更高。在最年幼的年龄组和成年人中，男性的病死率更高。根据官方统计中对发病率和死亡率实际发生情况的覆盖范围，对此次疫情的特征进行了讨论。
