Shephard R J
Nutr Metab. 1980;24(6):383-95.
Changes in body composition have been studied in patients with ischemic heart disease over a 2-year period, commencing 3--12 months after a well-documented myocardial infarction. Findings have been related to diet, the exercise undertaken (random allocation of volunteers to high intensity and low intensity exercise programmes) and the recurrence of myocardial infarcation. When first recruited, subjects were not much more obese than other middle-aged men. In contrast with experience in the "healthy" middle-aged exerciser, compliance of postcoronary patients with the required regimen was uninfluenced by body build. Over the 2 years of observation, both high and low intensity exercise groups showed small losses of fat and gains of lean mass. It is suggested that these changes reflect responses to dietary regulation and an increase of physical activity rather than a specific effect of the prescribed effort; the potential advantage of the high intensity exercise programme was lost through a larger food intake. Patients who sustained a recurrence of their infarction had an average percentage of body fat, but a low excess weight and lean mass; although isometric exercise is not frequently implicated in the recurrence of an infarction, the development of muscle mass might be advantageous to patients who must continue to work in occupations that demand sustained isometric muscular activity.
对缺血性心脏病患者在记录良好的心肌梗死后3至12个月开始的2年期间内的身体成分变化进行了研究。研究结果与饮食、所进行的运动（将志愿者随机分配至高强度和低强度运动计划）以及心肌梗死的复发情况相关。首次招募时，受试者并不比其他中年男性肥胖多少。与“健康”中年锻炼者的经验相反，冠心病患者对所需方案的依从性不受体型影响。在2年的观察期内，高强度和低强度运动组均显示出少量脂肪减少和瘦体重增加。有人认为，这些变化反映了对饮食调节和身体活动增加的反应，而不是规定运动的特定效果；高强度运动计划的潜在优势因食物摄入量增加而丧失。发生梗死复发的患者体脂百分比平均，但超重和瘦体重较低；尽管等长运动并不常与梗死复发相关，但肌肉量的增加可能对那些必须继续从事需要持续等长肌肉活动的职业的患者有利。
