Appelle S
Perception. 1980;9(6):627-32. doi: 10.1068/p090627.
The 'oblique effect' was studied with the use of an embedded-figures task in which the percentage of contextual or embedding contours aligned in the same orientations as those comprising the hidden forms was systematically varied. For hidden forms comprised either of horizontal and vertical contours, or of oblique (45 degree and 135 degree) contours, search times increased markedly as the percentage of aligned contextual contours increased. Although the rate at which embeddedness increased was the same for both orientations, search times were consistently greater for locating obliquely oriented targets (p less than 0.05), and search time variance was significantly greater (p less than 0.025) on trials in which the hidden form was oblique. The results suggest that the laws of organization governing embeddedness apply equally to oblique and horizontal-vertical orientations, but perceptual processing of oblique orientations is poorer. The relationship between search time and aligned contour is discussed in terms of the dual processes of extraction and synthesis in visual search.
通过使用嵌入图形任务对“倾斜效应”进行了研究，在该任务中，与构成隐藏图形的轮廓方向相同的背景或嵌入轮廓的百分比被系统地改变。对于由水平和垂直轮廓组成的隐藏图形，或者由倾斜（45度和135度）轮廓组成的隐藏图形，随着对齐的背景轮廓百分比的增加，搜索时间显著增加。尽管两种方向上嵌入度增加的速率相同，但定位倾斜方向目标的搜索时间始终更长（p小于0.05），并且在隐藏图形为倾斜的试验中，搜索时间方差显著更大（p小于0.025）。结果表明，支配嵌入度的组织规律同样适用于倾斜方向和水平-垂直方向，但倾斜方向的感知处理较差。根据视觉搜索中提取和合成的双重过程讨论了搜索时间与对齐轮廓之间的关系。
