Melville G N, Ismail S, Sealy C
Respiration. 1980;40(6):329-36. doi: 10.1159/000194301.
The effect of mucolytic and expectorant substances on ciliary beat frequency, mucus transport velocity and mucus production, was investigated in normal and bronchitic rats. The results showed that: (i) N-acetylcysteine and S-carboxymethylcysteine were mildly cilioexcitatory at low and ciliodepressive at higher concentrations in both normal and bronchitic rats. A similar pattern was seen in mucus transport velocity. (ii) Bisolvon enhanced all aspects of mucociliary activity in both groups of animals. Sobrepin was less effective than Bisolvon and more effective than Tachoquilin. (iii) Geleomyrtol, Ozothin and prostaglandin E1 were all cilioexcitatory in rats with bronchitis. Mucus transport velocity was similarly stimulated by both Geleomyrtol and Ozothin. (iv) Ammonium chloride and potassium iodide enhanced mucociliary activity in normal and bronchitic rats. (v) All substances stimulated mucus production, however, the most potent was prostaglandin E1. The mechanisms for increased mucociliary activity involve inter alia the probable cleaving of disulfide bridges, decreased mucosal swelling, altered rheological characteristics and stimulation of adenylate cyclase.
在正常大鼠和患支气管炎大鼠中，研究了黏液溶解剂和祛痰剂对纤毛摆动频率、黏液运输速度和黏液分泌的影响。结果表明：（i）在正常大鼠和患支气管炎大鼠中，N-乙酰半胱氨酸和S-羧甲基半胱氨酸在低浓度时对纤毛有轻度兴奋作用，而在高浓度时则有纤毛抑制作用。黏液运输速度也呈现类似模式。（ii）必嗽平增强了两组动物黏液纤毛活动的各个方面。索布瑞平的效果不如必嗽平，比泰洛喹啉更有效。（iii）吉诺通、桉油精和前列腺素E1对患支气管炎的大鼠均有纤毛兴奋作用。吉诺通和桉油精对黏液运输速度有类似的刺激作用。（iv）氯化铵和碘化钾增强了正常大鼠和患支气管炎大鼠的黏液纤毛活动。（v）所有物质均刺激了黏液分泌，然而，最有效的是前列腺素E1。黏液纤毛活动增加的机制尤其包括二硫键可能的断裂、黏膜肿胀减轻、流变学特性改变以及腺苷酸环化酶的刺激。
