Knapik Z
Z Gesamte Inn Med. 1981 Jan 1;36(1):suppl 194-6.
Motility disturbances of the large intestine, which appear in various conditions of a disease, are based on a reduction, the loss or an intensivation of the contractility as well as on a disorganization of the motor activity. Also in the region of the large intestine the normal motoricity can underlie such disturbances, such as retarded or accelerated passage, passage in wrong direction as well as increased turbulence or increased content. Retarded passage of the large intestine leads to obstipation and in advanced form to ileus. The leading symptom in accelerated passage is the diarrhoea. The passage in wrong direction disturbs the motoricity of the colon in the case of a lesion of the ileocaecal valves. Increased turbulence of the content of the large intestine is one of the causes of obstipation, particularly, when it appears in a retarded passage. The disturbances of the laminary flow are characteristic for a diverticulosis. The motor activity of the colon is influenced by many factors, mainly by the central nervous system, the gastrointestinal hormones (cholecystokinin, gastrin, serotonin, insulin and prostaglandins), the diet and the way of life. The motor disturbances are accompanied by bioelectric disturbances of the colon. In the second part of the lecture some pathogenetic and clinical aspects of the most frequently appearing motor disturbance of the large intestine, the irritable colon, are discussed.
大肠运动障碍出现在各种疾病状态下，其基础是收缩性降低、丧失或增强，以及运动活动的紊乱。在大肠区域，正常的运动性也可能是这些紊乱的基础，例如通过延迟或加速、方向错误的通过以及增加的湍流或内容物增加。大肠通过延迟会导致便秘，严重时会导致肠梗阻。通过加速的主要症状是腹泻。回盲瓣受损时，方向错误的通过会扰乱结肠的运动性。大肠内容物湍流增加是便秘的原因之一，特别是当它出现在通过延迟时。层流紊乱是憩室病的特征。结肠的运动活动受许多因素影响，主要是中枢神经系统、胃肠激素（胆囊收缩素、胃泌素、血清素、胰岛素和前列腺素）、饮食和生活方式。运动紊乱伴有结肠的生物电紊乱。在讲座的第二部分，将讨论大肠最常见的运动紊乱——肠易激综合征的一些发病机制和临床方面。
