Shirom A, Eden D, Kellermann J J
Am J Community Psychol. 1981 Feb;9(1):27-43. doi: 10.1007/BF00896358.
The present study was directed toward determining the health implications of population policies followed by collective rural communities (kibbutzim) in Israel. It was hypothesized that, controlling for kibbutz longevity, higher rates of out-migration and/or lower rates of in-migration and population growth are associated with subsequent increases in psychological and physiological strain among kibbutz members. The hypothesis was tested by interrelating different sets of data on kibbutz communities, collected at two research centers. Data were subjected to both individual and ecological correlational analyses. At both levels, inconsistent patterns of relationships between demographic characteristics and strain were obtained. The consistent cross-level findings which were significant were contradictory to our hypothesis. Our results suggest that while demographic changes do appear to have some impact on subsequent affective strain among kibbutz members, their detrimental effect is rather weak and is probably mediated by small-group processes, such as peer social support, and by the adequacy of the individual's coping resources.
本研究旨在确定以色列农村集体社区（基布兹）所奉行的人口政策对健康的影响。研究假设是，在控制基布兹存续时间的情况下，较高的迁出率和/或较低的迁入率及人口增长率与基布兹成员随后心理和生理压力的增加相关。该假设通过关联在两个研究中心收集的关于基布兹社区的不同数据集进行检验。数据进行了个体和生态相关分析。在两个层面上，人口特征与压力之间的关系模式均不一致。显著的一致跨层面研究结果与我们的假设相矛盾。我们的结果表明，虽然人口变化似乎确实对基布兹成员随后的情感压力有一定影响，但其有害影响相当微弱，可能由同伴社会支持等小群体过程以及个体应对资源的充足程度介导。
