Carmel S, Anson O, Levenson A, Bonneh D Y, Maoz B
Department of Sociology of Health, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Soc Sci Med. 1991;32(10):1089-96. doi: 10.1016/0277-9536(91)90084-p.
The effects of recently experienced life events (RLE) and of a personal coping resource--the sense of coherence (SOC)--on the health of men and women were investigated among members of two small and cohesive communities--two kibbutzim in Israel (n = 230). Results of analyses lend support to previous findings about the negative effects of life events on health, and to Antonovsky's theory about the positive influence of SOC on health. Separate analyses for men and women, however, show that while RLEs negatively affect women's health, SOC has no significant counterbalancing effect on their health. Among men, an opposite pattern is found; their health is not affected by RLE, but is significantly affected by their SOC. Our findings lead to the conclusion that men and women are differentially affected by stressors and make different use of their coping resources. These findings should be taken into consideration in further research on stress, coping and health.
在以色列的两个小型紧密社区（两个基布兹，n = 230）的成员中，研究了近期经历的生活事件（RLE）和一种个人应对资源——连贯感（SOC）对男性和女性健康的影响。分析结果支持了先前关于生活事件对健康有负面影响的研究结果，以及安东诺夫斯基关于SOC对健康有积极影响的理论。然而，对男性和女性的单独分析表明，虽然RLE对女性健康有负面影响，但SOC对她们的健康没有显著的平衡作用。在男性中，发现了相反的模式；他们的健康不受RLE影响，但受SOC显著影响。我们的研究结果得出结论，男性和女性受到压力源的影响不同，并且对其应对资源的利用方式也不同。在进一步研究压力、应对和健康时，应考虑这些发现。
