Lee M, Leichter J
Growth. 1980 Dec;44(4):327-35.
A study was conducted to determine if retarded postnatal growth and maturation of the offspring of rats receiving alcohol prior to and during gestation could be corrected by adjusting litter size at birth to 3 pups. Female Sprague-Dawley rats (200 to 220 g) were divided into 3 dietary treatment groups. Group 1 (alcohol) was fed ad libitum a stock diet (Purina Rat Chow) plus 20% alcohol in drinking water for at least 4 weeks before mating and 30% alcohol throughout gestation. Group 2 was pair-fed the stock diet and corn starch calorically equivalent to the amount of alcohol consumed. Group 3 (control) received the stock diet and water ad libitum. In each group litters were reduced to 3 or 8 pups on the first day of birth. After birth all animals had free access to water and stock diet until day 51 post conception. In agreement with previously reported studies, the offspring of alcohol-fed rats were lighter in body weight and smaller in body and tail length at all ages than were the controls. However, animals maintained in litters of 3 were not significantly different in weight and length from those raised in litters of 8, either for alcohol group or the controls. The pair-fed litters were not significantly different from the ad libitum controls. Skeletal measurements and calf muscle widths of alcohol fed rats at day 51 post conception were significantly less than those of ad libitum controls of the same litter size, with the pair-fed animals lying somewhere in between. However, in no case did alcohol or control animals raised in litters of 3 differ from the same group maintained in litters of eight. Total bone maturity scores of alcohol-fed offspring were significantly retarded, relative to pair-fed and ad libitum controls, but within any group, litters of 3 did not differ from litters of eight. The results of this study indicate that retarded postnatal growth and maturation of the offspring of rats receiving alcohol prior to and during gestation represents a direct effect of alcohol and is not a consequence of underfeeding.
进行了一项研究，以确定在妊娠前和妊娠期间摄入酒精的大鼠后代出生后生长发育迟缓的情况是否可以通过在出生时将窝仔数调整为3只幼崽来纠正。将雌性斯普拉格-道利大鼠（200至220克）分为3个饮食处理组。第1组（酒精组）在交配前至少4周随意喂食基础饲料（普瑞纳大鼠饲料）加饮用水中20%的酒精，整个妊娠期为30%的酒精。第2组按与所消耗酒精热量相当的量成对喂食基础饲料和玉米淀粉。第3组（对照组）随意喂食基础饲料和水。在每组中，出生第一天窝仔数减少到3只或8只。出生后，所有动物在受孕后第51天前可自由饮水和食用基础饲料。与先前报道的研究一致，摄入酒精的大鼠后代在所有年龄段的体重都比对照组轻，身体和尾巴长度也比对照组小。然而，无论是酒精组还是对照组，饲养在3只幼崽窝中的动物在体重和长度上与饲养在8只幼崽窝中的动物没有显著差异。成对喂食的窝仔与随意喂食的对照组没有显著差异。受孕后第51天，摄入酒精的大鼠的骨骼测量值和小腿肌肉宽度显著小于同窝随意喂食对照组，成对喂食的动物则介于两者之间。然而，在任何情况下，饲养在3只幼崽窝中的酒精组或对照组动物与饲养在8只幼崽窝中的同一组动物没有差异。与成对喂食和随意喂食的对照组相比，摄入酒精的后代的总骨成熟分数显著延迟，但在任何一组中，3只幼崽窝的与8只幼崽窝的没有差异。这项研究的结果表明，在妊娠前和妊娠期间摄入酒精的大鼠后代出生后生长发育迟缓是酒精的直接作用，而不是喂养不足的结果。
